Hospitalization Events among Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease in Basra, Iraq

Objectives. Despite improvements in the management of sickle cell disease (SCD), many patients still experience disease-related complications requiring hospitalizations. The objectives of this study were to identify causes of hospitalization among these patients and factors associated with the length of hospital stay (LOS) and readmission. Methods. Data from 160 patients (<14 years old) with SCD who were admitted to the Basra Maternity and Children's Hospital from the first of January 2012 through July 2012 were analyzed. Results. The main causes of hospitalization were acute painful crises (73.84%), infections (9.28%), acute chest syndrome (8.02%), and acute splenic sequestration crisis (6.32%). The mean LOS was 4.34 ± 2.85 days. The LOS for patients on hydroxyurea (3.41 ± 2.64 days) was shorter than that for patients who were not (4.59 ± 2.86 days), P < 0.05. The readmission rate (23.1%) was significantly higher among patients with frequent hospitalizations in the previous year (OR 9.352, 95% CI 2.011-43.49), asthma symptoms (OR 4.225, 95% CI 1.125-15.862), and opioid use (OR 6.588, 95% CI 1.104-30.336). Patients on hydroxyurea were less likely to be readmitted (OR 0.082, 95% CI 0.10-0.663). Conclusions. There is a relatively high readmission rate among patients with SCD in Basra. The use of hydroxyurea significantly decreases the LOS and readmission rate.